Linux user, file and directory

Linux user, file and directory  

[safayat@mail  home] $

[root@mail  home] #

  1       2        3       4

                1: user name

                2: hostname

                3: user's current locaiton

                4: user types (root: #, regular user: $)

Linux User's Types:

 >>root user: Administrator (#)

>> system user: service (mail/ftp/games/daemon)-cannot login

>>  regular user: Rahim, Karim, guest ($)

Meaning of colors in command line:

      blue - dir 

      b&w - file

      red - compress (rpm/zip/rar)

      green - execute file

      yellow - device (terminal/cd/dvd/usb/hdd)

      cyan - link file

      magenta - Picture/image/media

Linux Directory Structure:

  "~"         => home dir

  "/"          => root partition

  "/root" => root's home dir

  "/home" => user's home

    i.e.: /mail/log

$ cd /

$ ls

bin	user binary files ( executed by normal user)
boot	system boot related file
dev	system device files (dvd/cd/hdd/fd)
etc	all server & system configuration file
home	regular user home dir
lib	system libary files locations. libraries needed to execute the binaries in /bin/ and /sbin/.
media	system defaut mount point (DVD/ISO/SOFTware)
mnt	mount point (DVD/HDD/USB)
opt	optional (empty)
proc	Also called 'proFS' system process related info (CPU,RAM, Process, Driver, Modules and Kernel)
root	root user (superuser) home dir.
run	service running data. Runtime data for processes started since the last boot.
sbin	system binary ( used by root user)
srv	Sort for Service. User's (/home/*) service related data. Like WWW, FTP etc.
sys	Sort for system. '/sys' directory as a virtual filesystem (sysfs) mounted under /sys. similar as proc.
temp	temporary files (deleted after 10 days)
usr	thirdparty software install location
var	varibale file (mail/log/hosting/ftpdata)

                                                                                          

 NB: The red marked directories are mostly usable.